Companion parrot feeding has always been a matter of contention and frustration in the avian world. Until the early 1990s, it was assumed that a seed diet was the proper diet for parrots. Though some brand of pellets had been formulated in the 1970s, they did not become popular or recommended until the 1990s.
Diet is such a critical part of companion parrot ownership that it is sometimes met with frustration and exhasperation. The reality is, so few studies have been done regarding proper avian nutrition, both in the wild and in captivity, that we are still unsure of what is best. Most of the research about avian diets has been focused on poultry.
One of the main considerations that parrot owners need to take is the fact that many parrots do not eat solely seed in the wild. Diets differ immensely according to species and a diet of seeds for one parrot may be incredibly harmful to another. Therefore, diets should be varied and vast.
Seed diets have been particularly popular in the avian world. Studies have shown that diets focused on seed as the main component of nutrition have created nutrition problems. Seed diets can lead to calcium deficiencies, vitamin A deficienies, and they will never meet a parrots protein requirement.
With fresh foods, a general rule to follow is anything safe for your child is safe for your parrot. There are a couple of notable exceptions: chocolate, rhubarb, and avocado. None of these should ever be offered to your parrot as they are incredibly dangerous to them.
A complete, nutritious diet for parrots should be made up of quality proteins, vegetables, fruits, whole grains and carbohydrates. Acceptable proteins are well cooked chicken and eggs. Extruded pellets are also a good source of protein, but should not make up the entire diet.
Vegetables are often high in vitamin A, a vitamin necessary for skin and feather health. Green vegetables such as spinach, broccoli, sweet potatoes and squash are high in vitamin A. Fruits like peaches, cantalope and papaya are also high in vitamin A.
Corn on the cob, peas, bean sprouts, cauliflower, banana and berries are not high in vitamin A, but they do contain other vitamins essential to good health. A good variety of these vegetables should be made available to ensure a healthy diet.
Pelleted food has become quite popular in the avian community over the past 15 years. Many manufacturers push pellets as the best way to meet your parrots nutritional needs. Though pellets are a great way to implement a balanced diet, they should not make up a complete diet.
Enough time has elapsed to begin seeing problems in pelleted diets. According to Pamela Clark, species related issues are just as common with pelleted diets as they are with seeds. Pionus and Cockatiel species have had particularly negative reactions to pellets as they are much higher in protein than their normal diet. As a result, the development of gout or polyuria/polydypsia has been seen in these individuals. Iron toxicity and vitamin D deficiency have also been reported.
Good nutrition can be achieved by feeding your parrot a variety of food. Knowing the basics of parrot nutrition is key. No diet should be completed by using only one item, even if the bird appears to prefer that item. Pellets, seeds, and fresh foods can be mixed and matched in varying amounts to provide optimal nutrition.
It is always best to vary your pets diet. In the absence of any conclusive data, always speak to your avian veterinary about your particular parrot's diet needs.
For continued reading, please visit
"Feeding the Companion Parrot" by Pamela Clark.
Subject: Quick Diet FAQ. 
Fri May 20, 2011 1:42 pm
